Abstract: Imperial Translation Institute, the first new-type institute in China, was founded in Beijing by the goverment of Qing Dynasty to cultivate the diplomatic personnel and translators. It cultivated a group of diplomatic personnel and translators and promoted the development of Chinese modern education. And die-hards and reformers in Qing Dynasty disputed over the foundation of astronomy and arithmetic school.In the development of Imperial Translation Institute, the foreigners’ teaching also made a great contribution.