Abstract: To develop socialist democratic politics and construct socialist poli tical civilization were defined as an important aim of building a comfortably-off society all-sidedly by the Chinese Communist Party on its 16th National Peo ple’s Congress. The socialist political civilization has its scientific connota tion, and the socialist political civilization with Chinese characteristics has its important contents. So to construct modern Chinese political civilization , we should start with sticking to and improving the people’s congress system、fu lfilling running a country according to law、strengthening and improving democra cy within the party、expediting administrative reform、and establishing scientif ic mechanism of selecting cadres so on.