Abstract: Marx has criticized Bauer’s philosophical viewpoints for three times,they are: on 《 On the Jewish Question》,Marx has criticized Bauer’s Jewish viewpoints;on 《Holy Family》,Marx has criticized the core of Bauer’s theory-Self-consciousness philosophy;on 《 Germany Ideology》,Marx has finished his criticisms on Bauer.This process of criticism was both the process of cleaning up his philosophical beliefs and the process of going to the depth of history and constructing historical materialism.