Abstract: Based on the comparative analysis of talent demand and talent supply in enterprises, the feasibility of the reform of talent cultivation mode of modern apprenticeship system of middle and higher vocational integration education is analyzed. Taking the specialty of water conservancy engineering as an example, it carried out the practical research on talent cultivation mode, talent cultivation standard and curriculum system construction of modern apprenticeship system of middle and higher vocational integration based on the alliance of “School-Enterprise-School”, in order to provide reference for apprenticeship system of middle and higher vocational integration education of water conservancy specialty.