Abstract: Based on the survey results of talent demand in architecture and water conservancy industry in Henan Province, it sorts out their development status and trend, and analyzes the talent demand structure from six aspects: scale, level, characteristics, source, salary and qualifications. The results show that the matching degree of supply and demand of talent in architecture and water conservancy industry is not high, so it is urgent to add more water conservancy higher vocational colleges or expand the enrollment scale of existing water conservancy higher vocational colleges. In order to improve the adaptability of talent cultivation and the employment competitiveness of graduates, colleges and universities of architecture and water conservancy should carry out targeted reform according to the changes of talent demand brought about by the adjustment of industrial structure. Henan Province should promote the development of precision service industry in vocational colleges as soon as possible, optimize and adjust the layout of vocational colleges and specialties at the provincial level, and provide strong technical and skilled personnel support for the economic and social development in Henan Province.