Abstract: The general situation, existing problems and improvement measures of the implementation area of the comprehensive improvement project of soil and water conservation in Anxi County are analyzed. The ecological benefit evaluation system consisting of 3 levels and 12 indexes is constructed by using AHP and Delphi methods. The scores of the dimensionless treated indexes by calculating the weights of each index layer are quantified. The ecological benefits after comprehensive improvement is evaluated. The implementation of the project effectively solves the problem of soil and water loss, and basically realizes the project target conclusion.