Abstract: The problem of water pollution and water ecosystem degradation has become increasingly prominent, and the technology innovation has become a breakthrough to solve this problem. The application of intelligent sensor technology on water quality monitoring has the advantages of real-time monitoring and sharing, large-scale deployment, high data accuracy, low power consumption, efficient early warning and emergency response, etc. It analyzed the working principle of intelligent sensor technology, and discussed its error correction ability and technology challenge under the influence of water quality environment, water temperature, oil and turbidity.