Abstract: To discuss and explore the interplay of water conservancy projects in the context of new-form productive forces and their influence on the sustainable economic and social development, based on the connotation and characteristics of new-form productive forces and in combination with the hydrological cycle mechanism and the functional adjustment of water conservancy projects, the ecological, economic and social benefits under the coupling effect of the two are evaluated. By adopting the methods of literature review and case analysis, strategic suggestions for promoting the coordinated development of water conservancy projects are put forward.